Mutation of the MDR1 gene: Do track your dogs!
What sensitivity drug MDR1 ?
The administration of certain drugs, even normal dose, leads to neurotoxicity in dogs with drug susceptibility genetic.
Indeed, when the MDR1 discomfort (MultiDrug Resistance) is mutated, the corresponding protein (MDR1-PGP), whose function is to expel toxic molecules outside the central nervous system, is inactive. It can not then fulfill its function of neuroprotective.
What breeds concerned ?
Main breeds at risk in France :
| Races |
heterozygous: |
Homozygote: high risk |
| Colley | 45% | 40% |
| Berger Australia | 43% | 11% |
| Shetland Sheepdog | 37% | 10% |
| Swiss white shepherd | 25% | 1% |
| Bobtail | 7% | N.C. |
| Border Collie | 3% | 0.1% |
Other breed at risk : German shepherd
Attention : The dogs crossbred with breeds listed above may also be at risk of drug sensitivity
The main molecules at risk
The molecules to be avoided :
ivermectin, Emodepside, Lopéramide, Moxidectine, Doramectine, Abamectine
The molecules to be used with care / supervision / modulation possible dose:
Clinical signs
After administration of a drug at risk, depending on the dose, a sensitive dog has a depressant syndrome with the following clinical signs : ataxie, prostration, paresis, hypersalivation, mydriase, amaurose, tremors, convulsions may lead to coma or death due to respiratory depression.
The risk of poisoning
| Genetic status |
Protein activity MDR1-PGP |
Risk of poisoning related to MDR1 | |
|
Homozygote normal |
MDR1 (+/+) | 100% active | No |
|
heterozygous |
MDR1 (+/-) | 50% active | moderate risk |
|
homozygous mutated |
MDR1 (-/-) | 0% active | high risk |
The severity of poisoning depends on the molecule, dose, the breed and age of the dog
It is strongly advised to take as many precautions with heterozygous dogs with homozygous mutant dogs.
Why do you really interest to track your dog?
In the absence of screening, not knowing the genetic status of your dog, we apply the precautionary principle: we don & rsquo; not use molecules that can be dangerous.
Therefore if your dog is among the breeds at risk, We encourage you to practice this screening, completely painless (collection by cheek swab).
Two main interests :
1 - If one day, we need to use, so slightly in emergency, one of dangerous drugs for mutated animals, (And there are many), Well we will find ourselves stuck if you do not know the status of the dog against the MDR1 gene. Then there are some medications which can try to pass, but if you have a severe allergic reaction, a heart problem, a big gastroenteritis, so be used a corticosteroid respectively, Digoxin, or metoclopramide and / or omeprazole and / or loperamide, but with the risk that the dog makes a potentially fatal reaction ... or we try to move the aforesaid drugs, but it is not always easy or possible.
2 - If you know your dog is homozygous mutant -/-, you can warn everyone : put a yellow sticker on his big vaccination record, remind your vet at every visit or buy medicine, etc. This may prevent an inadequate pest control (or any other drug as a tranquilizer current before a drive path, an anti-emetic during a “petite” gastro…), is issued to your pet inadvertently.
Do not hesitate to contact us by phone or by mail for more information.
Source: antagene, by kind permission.